Stavropol region. A historical-geographic area regarding Russian Federation found in the central area off Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban River (and you can Kuban region) with the west, the newest Terek region towards southeast, the Don part toward northern, this new Kalmyk Independent Republic with the northeast, together with places of Caucasian slope individuals to the south and you can southwest. The Stavropol part fundamentally matches into the region on the previous Stavropol gubernia (with its 18611920 boundary, 59,five hundred sq kilometres) together with after Stavropol krai, shorter the brand new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five-hundred sq kilometer).
Physical topography. The big portion of the Stavropol part is occupied by Stavropol Upland; the small section keeps parts of the fresh new Caspian Lowland regarding east, new Kuma-Manych Depression on the northern, together with hills of your own Caucasus Mountains about southwest. Brand new weather of Stavropol part is actually transitional, of temperate continental throughout the western to more dry and much more continental on east. The greater of them range from the Yegorlyk (which circulates towards the Manych), the latest Kalaus, the fresh Kuma, and the Kuban as well as top tributaries, this new Velykyi Zelenchuk and Malyi Zelenchuk (pick Zelenchuk rivers). River water can be used to have irrigation. Small, mainly saline lakes are plentiful; the largest ‘s the thin however, 160-km-a lot of time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
But the situated Stavropol region stayed sparsely populated by the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a good Turkic-talking people) and you can Kalmyk someone (an effective Mongol-speaking class), exactly who together designated throughout the 80,000
The new grounds regarding west and you may main an element of the Stavropol part was some chernozems and you may chestnut soils; with the eastern and you can northeast they end up being white chestnut. The fresh new absolute plants along with alter eastward which have decreasing moisture, out of meadow fescuefeather grass steppe in order to dry fescuefeather grass steppe and semidesert plants regarding wormwood, lifeless fescue, and you can feather grass. About far more humid part of the Stavropol Upland plus in the newest Caucasus mountain tops the newest pure flowers try forest-steppe which have oak-hornbeam-beech forest. Today both the steppe while the forest-steppe are almost entirely cleared for agriculture.
Record. Throughout the mid-16th century the new Caucasus and the Stavropol region started initially to already been on exposure to Muscovite colonization. From the 16th and you can 17th years Subcaucasia knowledgeable the new roots from Cossack colonization (new Wear Cossacks regarding the west and also the Terek Cossacks into the the latest east). Caucasian mountain peoples, the fresh new Karachai together with Cherkess, lived-in new hills of your own part.
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Early in the newest 18th century the newest Stavropol region nominally turned into the main Russian Empire. Long lasting agreements, although not, were not oriented before history one-fourth of century, when, for the 177780, the brand new Russian authorities situated a line of forts, the fresh new Mozdok-Azov range, that have head office on Stavropol, so you’re able to keep the Caucasian slope peoples. Because of the 1785 brand new Stavropol region designed element of Caucasus oblast, which had been redesignated good gubernia when you look at the 1802. After the several label changes it was designated as the Stavropol gubernia from inside the 1847. The boundaries had been finally repaired for the 1861, when it try separated of Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (since the 1898) wasn’t section of Caucasus krai.
Till the 1930s the brand new Stavropol area is settled because of the both Ukrainians and you will Russians, and constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic region
The latest Russian authorities advertised the newest fast colonization of your Stavropol area to expose a base to possess military tips regarding Caucasus. Element of that aim are attained by this new giving preference tracts off land to Russian noblemen, just who paid all of them with the serfs. A high reason for colonization, however, are new natural payment because of the county peasants who had been unimpeded by the brand new main authorities. In reality brand new purple government legalized extant claims to the ukase of 1804 and you will given service to those who’d compensated for the brand new Stavropol area. Towards the end of your 1850s the populace out of Stavropol gubernia got risen up to 340,000 (5.5 people for each sq km). Its simply area, Stavropol, expanded from around 3,000 customers in 1800 so you’re able to 17,600 citizens in the 1853. The quintessential heavily settled portion was basically the newest steppes amongst the Yegorlyk while the Kalaus rivers together with Kalaus River valley. The population out-of Stavropol gubernia (together with Terek oblast) into the 1853 contained forty eight.eight percent Cossacks, thirty two percent condition peasants, sixteen.2 percent nomadic herders, and you can 3.1 percent serfs and others.